Capacitor

Capacitor is a basic electrical/electronic circuit element formed by placing an insulating material between two metallic layers. It is also known by the names of capacitors and capacitors . The history of this circuit element is quite old. Capacitors began to be developed in the 1700s.

How to measure capacitor ? Capacity is symbolized by C, its unit is Farad . The measurement of the capacitance value can be done with an LCRmeter or a multimeter. Capacitor sizes depend on their operating voltage and the rate of charge they can store in their bodies. In terms of design, there is a rich diversity. Considering the usage areas of capacitors, it is noteworthy that they can be produced in accordance with almost any size.

What Does a Capacitor Do?

What is a capacitor, what does it do? Capacitors are one of the most important elements in an electronic circuit. They can work by storing electrical charges. The capacitor can supply current to the circuit for a short time in order not to damage the elements in the circuit during sudden current flow.

Capacitors kick in when the batteries used to keep the data in a circuit are depleted and can preserve the data until the battery is replaced. The longer the battery replacement period, the more likely the data will be deleted. Adapters can convert alternating current to direct current thanks to the capacitors in their structure . Thus, the current needed by electronic devices is provided. At the same time, they ensure the regular operation of the circuits by taking action in cases such as voltage drops.

What is a Capacitor?

One of the developments in the field of electricity began during the 18th century with the study of static electricity. The ability to share electrical charge through contact has been an exciting development for scientists. What are spigots ? Capacitors, Pieter It was developed as a result of the work of Musschenbroek . This researcher designed a glass bottle covered with metal inside and outside.

He filled a part of the bottle with water and closed the mouth with a cork so that it would not leak. One end of the conductor passing through the middle of the cork is outside the bottle and the other end is inside. When the static electricity generator touches the conductor, the Leiden bottle stores charge. Similarly, when a conductive material comes into contact, the charge is discharged.

The bottles produced by Musschenbroek are considered to be the first capacitors . That’s why the capacitor unit was considered a jar , a bottle. This unit is now updated to Farad.

Capacitor Types

a capacitor is classification based on insulator. When the capacitor is connected to the battery, the electrons from the positive pole of the battery go to the positive terminal of the battery.

the capacitance , the operating voltage is also an important factor. A capacitor operating at values suitable for the Volt value of the operating circuit should be preferred. Some of the capacitor types can heat up and explode when exposed to a voltage above the operating voltage. Some capacitor types and their basic properties are given below.

• Ceramic capacitor: It consists of metal and ceramic layers arranged in order. It finds a wide area of use for some processes that do not require high precision.
• Mica capacitor: This type, similar to metal film capacitors , is generally used for high voltage purposes. Capacitance values are between 50 pF and 20 nF .
• Electrolyte capacitor: Also called polarized capacitors . It is mostly preferred for low-frequency jobs such as power supply and separation in audio circuits.
• Tantalum capacitor: It is known for its large leakage current and high performance at low temperatures.
• Trimer capacitor: These are the devices whose capacitance value can be adjusted with a screwdriver. It is mostly used to perform equipment calibration.

Where Are Capacitors Used?

a capacitor, it is an element that temporarily stores electrical charges. These devices have the ability to transmit alternating current (AC) without conducting direct current (DC). Thanks to this useful feature, it can be used in many circuits for different purposes. So where are capacitors used?

• In power supply circuits: filtering
• In power transmission lines: voltage regulation
• In controlling the power flow
• In resonant circuits: to produce the desired frequency

There are some important points to consider when choosing capacitors to be used in a circuit. These are also decisive for capacitor prices . At the beginning of the aforementioned factors are the capacity values.

Capacitors are mostly produced at values between 1 picofarad and 100,000 mF . The operating voltage values of the capacitors are another important point. For example, it would not be a logical choice to prefer a capacitor with a maximum voltage of 3 V in a circuit operating with 3 V.

Electrolyte and tantalum capacitors are produced with + and – poles. In some capacitors, a certain amount of leakage current passes and thus discharge can be observed in a shorter time than normal.